Specifies the location of Windows help files.

The default value is:

ORACLE_HOME\mshelp

Specifies supported language, territory, and character set.

This parameter specifies the language in which messages appear, the territory and its conventions for calculating week and day numbers, and the character set displayed. Oracle Universal Installer sets this value during installation based on the language setting of the operating system.

The default value for NLS_LANG, if not set, is AMERICAN_AMERICA.US7ASCII.

There are other globalization parameters that can be set along NLS_LANG to override some values implicitly determined by NLS_LANG. These parameters are:

NLS_DATE_FORMAT
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS
NLS_CURRENCY
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY
NLS_SORT

The following parameters can also be set along NLS_LANG to determine globalization behavior that is independent from the value of NLS_LANG:

NLS_CALENDAR
NLS_COMP
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS

Specifies current working directory.

For example, if you set this parameter and then use ORADIM, a log file called oradim.log is created in this directory. This parameter must be manually set.

Starts Oracle Database when OracleServiceSID service is started.

The default value is true.

Specifies full path to initialization parameter file.

The default value is ORACLE_BASE\admin\DB_NAME\pfile\init.ora

Sets maximum time (in seconds) to wait for shutdown to complete before the service for a particular SID stops.

The default value is 30.

Specifies mode in which Oracle Database is shut down when you stop OracleServiceSID.

Valid values are a (abort), i (immediate), and n (normal). The default value is i.

Specifies the location of time zone file.

Each file contains:

• Valid time zone names

• Offset from UTC

• Abbreviation for standard time

• Abbreviation for daylight savings time

In previous releases, the default value for ORA _TZFILE was

ORACLE_BASE\ORACLE_HOME\oracore\zoneinfo\timezlrg.dat

Starting with Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2), the default value is

ORACLE_HOME\oracore\zoneinfo\timezlrg_11.dat

The timezone_version_number.dat data files contain most commonly used time zones and are smaller for better database performance. The new default, timezlrg_version_number.dat, includes time zones not defined in the smaller file.

Enables the scheduling of class threads on more than one processor group for systems with more than 64 CPUs.

This parameter must be manually added. Oracle recommends consulting Oracle Support Services before changing this parameter. The format is:

namen:[[processorgroup0][processorgroup1][..2][..3],]{cpumask0[ cpumask1 cpumask2 cpumask3] | ALL};
name1:[[0][1][2][3],]{cpumask0[ cpumask1 cpumask2 cpumask3] | ALL};
name2:[[0][1][2][3],]{cpumask0[ cpumask1 cpumask2 cpumask3] | ALL};

Where, processorgroup is an optional parameter designating Windows CPU group. On systems with 64+ logical CPUs, Windows divides all available CPUs into 4 groups (0,1,2,3) with each group containing no more than 64 logical CPUs. By default, a process utilizes single processor group. The processorgroup parameter enables Oracle to use more than 64 logical CPUs. Refer to the specific hardware configuration to determine the valid processor groups.

Each namen setting must be the name of a background thread, USER for non-background (shadow) threads, or DEF for any thread type not handled specifically. Valid background thread names include DBW0, LGWR, PMON, SMON, ARCH, RECO, CKPT, TRWR, J000 through J999, P000 through P481, and any other name found in the NAME column of the v$bgprocess data dictionary view.

The cpumask sets the affinity mask of the Oracle Database process. Each affinity setting must be a valid affinity mask or its numeric equivalent for the corresponding thread name. Process affinity masks are used only when Oracle Services are first started. Each thread's affinity is set only when the individual thread is started (for example, at database startup time for the background threads).

Few examples, to use multiple processor groups in a system with 160 logical CPUs, ORACLE_AFFINITY registry key in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME may be defined as follows:

The following examples show how set the ORACLE_AFFINITY registry key in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME to use multiple processor groups in a system with 160 logical CPUs. In the following examples, it is assumed that: USER, DEF are thread class names; 0,1,2,3 are valid CPU groups in the system; and 4294967295 is a valid affinity mask in the corresponding CPU group.

• Affinitize USER (foreground) threads to all CPUs in processorgroup1 or to all CPUs in processorgroup2 or to all CPUs in processorgroup3 while alternating between the processor groups for each new foreground thread. Also, affinitize DEF class threads to CPUs 0-31 in processorgroup0.

  USER:123,ALL;DEF:0,4294967295;

• Affinitize USER class threads either to CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup0 or to CPUs 16-31 in processorgroup2. Also, affinitize DEF class threads to CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup1.

  USER:02,1048575 4294901760;DEF:1,1048575;

• Affinitize USER class threads to all the CPUs of all processor groups while alternating between the processor groups for each new foreground thread. Also, affinitize DEF class threads to CPUs 0-31 in all the processor groups while alternating between the processor groups for each new DEF class thread.

  USER:0123,ALL;DEF:0123,4294967295;

• Affinitize USER class threads to CPUs 0-31 in processorgroup0, CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup1 and CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup2 while alternating between the processor groups for each new foreground thread.

  USER:012,4294967295 1048575 1048575;

Specifies the top-level Oracle directory (for example, C:\app\username\product\12.2.0) that contains ORACLE_HOME, admin, and oradata.

The default is ORACLE_BASE.

Specifies the name of the group containing icons of the Oracle products installed.

The parameter is added to your registry when you first install Oracle products, even if Oracle Universal Installer does not create a program group for Oracle products you have installed (for example, if you have installed only Oracle Net software). The default value is Oracle - HOMENAME.

Specifies Oracle home directory in which Oracle products are installed.

This directory is immediately beneath the Oracle base directory in the Oracle directory hierarchy. The default value is the drive letter and name that you specify during installation.

The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE location of Oracle parameters.

The default value is software\oracle\HOMEID.

A string type entry that holds the Oracle Home User value.

If Windows built-in account is used as the Oracle Home User, then the string holds NT Authority\System and the user is not supposed to specify it explicitly.

Specifies home name of Oracle home directory in which Oracle products are installed.

The default value is the name that you specify during installation.

Determines Windows scheduling priorities of the threads within the Oracle Database management system process.

The format is:

name1:priority1;name2:priority2 . . .

The name class sets the priority class of the Oracle Database process. Threads can be assigned a priority either collectively or individually. The collective name user designates non-background (shadow) threads; the collective name def designates any thread type not handled specifically. Valid individual background thread names include DBW0, LGWR, PMON, SMON, ARCH0, RECO, CKPT, TRWR, SNP0 through SNP9, and any other name found in the NAME column of the v$bgprocess data dictionary view.

The default value is class:normal; def:normal.

Specifies the name of the Oracle Database instance on the host computer.

The value of this parameter is the SID for the instance. The default value is specified by the entry in the Database Identification window of Oracle Universal Installer.

Enables user authentication.

When it is set to true, it enables the server to differentiate between one username and another, whether they are local users, domain users, or domain users on another domain in your network. When it is set to false, the domain is ignored, and the local user becomes the default value of the operating system user returned to the server. The default value is true.

Specifies the location of backup database files.

The default value is ORACLE_HOME\database\archive.

Specifies the location of backup database control files.

The default value is ORACLE_HOME\database.

Specifies the location of SQL scripts.

The default value is ORACLE_HOME\dbs.

Specifies the location of Oracle Universal Installer files.

The default value is System Drive:\program files\oracle\inventory.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CURRENTCONTROLSET\SERVICES subkey contains additional subkeys that correspond to each Oracle Database service.

Each service subkey contains the following parameters:

• DisplayName specifies the service name of the instance whose SID is SID. The default value is the name of the service. For example, OracleServiceORCL1, where ORCL1 is the SID.

• ImagePath specifies the fully qualified path name of the executable started by the service and any command-line arguments passed into the executable at run time. The default value is the path to the executable file of the product.

• ObjectName specifies the logon user account and computer to which the service must log on. The default value is LocalSystem.